Child’s Cells Found in Mother After Birth

According to Scientific American, a woman, after giving birth, retains some of her child’s cells in her brain. Did you ever wonder why your mom knows exactly what you’re thinking or what you are about to do? Well this is not the answer to that question, she just knows. This has to do with your DNA and what it can do for your mother. More specifically, these left over cells can both help and harm the mother through lung, liver, kidney, heart, and skin defects. This process is known as microchimerism, where cells that are left over are adapted naturally by the mother and used for different reasons. Scientists are still unsure whether or not these cells are actively being used or if they are participating in harming or helping the mother.

Related Article: Women Who Give Birth to Men have Male DNA in Brain

Why is this relevant? Let us imagine they are indeed harming the mother after birth, in fact that they are affecting her lifestyle and worsening her response to disease. Maybe the cells are increasing the mother’s risk for cancer, or maybe they are simply causing a slower response time to what would be an easily curable sickness. In this case it is extremely important to help find a way to get rid of the cells after a female gives birth, rather than waiting on a side effect to develop. Side effect, only of course, if it in fact deals with harming the mother.

On the flip side, lets say its not a side effect but a blessing; some research suggests that the mother benefits from having cells left over after birth. They can even help with autoimmune disorder and rheumatoid arthritis. There is some research being done that suggests it may be similar to stem cells in that they help with regenerative properties. In fact, these stem cells may even help with the creation of new eggs for future births.

The biggest thing to gather from all of this is that it isn’t just males that are thought to imprint themselves on women’s brains because of their rowdy and reckless behaviors. Now all of you girls are also held accountable for actively being on your mother’s mind. Literally.

Research:

PLOS ONE: Male Microchimerism in the Human Female Brain

Beyond Birth: A Child’s Cells May Help or Harm

Scientists Discover Children Cells Living in Mother’s Brain

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Autoimmune Disorder

The otherness of Self: Microchimerism

Women Can Make New Eggs

Wondergressive: Women have Male DNA in Brain

Belly Buttons: Bacteria Wonderland!

bacteria of the belly button

Petri dishes of belly button bacteria
Photo Credit: Neil McCoy

A recent study published in PLOS ONE has guided us to a greater knowledge of which bacteria are commonly found in belly buttons. The Smithsonian article on the study sums it up pretty well, saying:

A team of researchers dug into 60 different people’s belly buttons and turned up bacterial diversity and microbial mystery. All in all, they identified more than 2,000 species of bacteria as well as two species of archaea, the ancient predecessors of bacteria. Some of the species frequently occurred in multiple belly buttons, while others were confined to just a few participants.

Microbe World, a website dedicated to promoting awareness and understanding of key microbiological issues, gives a little insight as to where archaea are normally found stating that:

Archaea comes from the Greek word meaning “ancient.” An appropriate name, because many archaea thrive in conditions mimicking those found more than 3.5 billion years ago. Back then, the earth was still covered by oceans that regularly reached the boiling point — an extreme condition not unlike the hydrothermal vents and sulfuric waters where archaea are found today.

Some scientists consider archaea living fossils that may provide hints about what the earliest life forms on Earth were like, and how life evolved on our planet.

So, various bacteria, including previously unknown bacteria, and two archaea were found in a small range of North American belly buttons.  But the researchers aren’t finished yet.  In a guest blog on Scientific American, Rob Dunn, the study’s lead author, talks of a future research plan saying:

Instead of the 66 samples we included in our first paper, or the 300 we have now, we will soon have over 600 samples of people processed, people from all over North America. With this variety, we may well begin to explain the differences among people in terms of the intimate forests of their umbilicus. On the other hand, we may still be unable to account for our differences; it may be that part of what determines who lives on you is stochastic, a fancy scientific word for what happens when fate and the universe’s contingencies come together in your navel.

Carl Zimmer, another scientist working with the project talks of his results in a blog post on the Discover website. He had a very diverse spread of bacteria in his belly button and 17 bacteria that were not found in any of the other subjects.

I know that diversity can make ecosystems work better. One of the most important services that our microbial ecosystem performs for us is protecting us from pathogens. They can outcompete invaders, kill them with poisons, and otherwise ward them off. Scientists have run experiments to test the effect of diversity on infections. They manipulated mice so that some had no resident bacteria, and others had low levels of diversity. The researchers found that pathogens did a better job of invading low-diversity mice than high-diversity ones.

Several of the bacteria found in people’s navels had never been found on humans before and Zimmer discusses some of the bacteria found in his navel in his blog post saying:

Several species I’ve got, such as Marimonas, have only been found in the ocean before. I am particular baffled that I carry a species called Georgenia. Before me, scientists had only found it living in the soil.

 

In Japan.

Belly buttons aren’t the only place where thriving biomes are being discovered. Scientists have discovered a mobile ecosystem that lives in freezing temperatures. The world is so intriguing! Life is everywhere!

 

Sources and Extra Reading for the Curious:

PLOS ONE- A Jungle in There: Bacteria in Belly Buttons are Highly Diverse, but Predictable

The Smithsonian- A Flourishing Microbial Community Dwells Within Your Belly Button

The Scientist- Navel Bugs

Microbe World- Archaea 

Scientific American – After 2 Years Scientists Still Can’t Solve Belly Button Mystery, Continue Navel-Gazing

Discover- Discovering my microbiome: “You, my friend, are a wonderland”

Wondergressive- The Secret World of Bacteria

Wondergressive- New Ecosystem Discovered: Glacier Mice

Wondergressive- Life, It’s All Over the Place

Wondergressive- 2800 Year Old Lake Life Survives in Complete Isolation

Why Don’t We Eat Insects?

The world population is huge! Not as big as it could be as I’ve recently been told… but it’s still pretty big. How are we feeding all these people? Well, we have the usual assortments of unhealthy meat, nutritious plants and other foods, but what about things like noisy grasshoppers? The effects of agriculture on our planet are immense and largely overlooked. Insects could be a viable answer. 

Here’s a great TED talk with Marcel Dicke talking about eating insects.

And why not? Scientific American has the low down on entomophagist David Gracer who says that

…a bowl of grasshoppers has more vitamins than beef and is lower in fat.

He also goes on to say that

Our disgust for insects is just cultural… Afterall we eat lobsters, which are arthropods, as are insects.

So now that I’ve tempted you, I’m sure you’re ready to try pick up some sour cream and onion flavored crickets from your local ethnic food store. Or maybe you’re ready to try some recipes. I’ve taken the liberty to find a few good recipes for you.

Here’s a site for all things bug recipe related based in Florida, USA.

And here’s a site dedicated to all insect recipes all the time… There is also a huge list of other places to find insect recipes at the bottom of this site’s page.

So dig in! and try to enjoy!

 

Sources:

TED Talks- Marcel Dicke

David Gracer  via Scientific America

Florida Pest Control

Georgia College’s Insect Recipes

https://wondergressive.com/2013/02/13/the-ugly-face-of-overpopulation/

https://wondergressive.com/2012/09/26/them-cows-is-sweet/

https://wondergressive.com/2012/08/15/edible-landscapes/

https://wondergressive.com/2013/01/11/a-new-tune-for-grasshoppers/

https://wondergressive.com/2012/08/17/the-effect-of-agriculture-on-the-planet/

http://www.amazon.com/Crick-ettes-Cream-Flavored-Cricket-Snacks/dp/B00BD9E1U2/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1360857857&sr=8-3&keywords=sour+cream+and+onion+crickets

http://www.flapest.com/recipes.aspx

 

Bacteria Consumes 200,000 tons of Oil in Spill

Since the 2010 Horizon Deepwater oil spill, naturally occurring bacteria in the Gulf of Mexico has consumed over 200,000 tons of oil. Researchers are currently examining the rate at which these oil  gluttons eat and how much bacteria it would take to clean an entire affected region.

Various organisms in the ocean have already collectively consumed over 50% of the oil.  Researchers believe that this specific bacteria will eventually consume all of the oil from the spill, with the exception of the very heavy hydrocarbons that shows up as tar balls in the oceans.

My advice?  Put your efforts into finding an effective bacteria aphrodisiac and tell those little guys to start pumping!

Bacteria Consumes 200,000 tons of Oil Spill

 

Since the 2010 Horizon Deepwater oil spill, naturally occurring bacteria in the Gulf of Mexico has consumed over 200,000 tons of oil. Researchers are currently examining the rate at which these oil gluttons eat and how much bacteria it would take to clean an entire affected region.

Various organisms in the ocean have already collectively consumed over 50% of the oil.  Researchers believe that this specific bacteria will eventually consume all of the oil from the spill, with the exception of the very heavy hydrocarbons that shows up as tar balls in the oceans.

My advice?  Put your efforts into finding an effective bacteria aphrodisiac and tell those little guys to start pumping!

 

Sources:

http://www.oilandgasonline.com/doc.mvc/at-least-tons-oil-and-gas-deepwater-horizon-spill-gulf-bacteria-0001

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=gulf-oil-eating-microbes-slide-show